Will the technology that powers driverless cars make us safer-or usher inside a host of cyber threats? What role does attention participate in the quality of human life? How have economic barriers-and opportunities-changed within the rural Southwest in the last quarter-century?
Six Claremont Graduate University professors have been named recipients of prestigious grants which will support research seeking solutions to such pressing questions. The grants will even benefit two CGU students, who'll function as research assistants for one from the projects.
The grants were provided through the Fletcher Jones Foundation, which provided CGU with an endowment fund later to aid faculty research grants of $2,000 to $8,000. Nearly 200 grants happen to be awarded up to now, with four to six grants currently awarded annually.
The grants, alone or combined with other resources, are critical, said Dean Gerstein, vice provost, director of research, and research professor.
\”They have helped new faculty establish their scholarly footing,\” he said. \”They have enabled more established faculty, dealing with graduate research assistants, to open new lines of research. And they have allowed faculty and students whatsoever levels to develop preliminary findings necessary to strengthen the external grant proposals that support extensive research projects.\”
The grant recipients and project descriptions are:
Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi and Jeanne Nakamura
Division of Behavioral & Organizational Sciences
Attention and also the Quality of Human Life
Despite the long‐recognized importance of attentional structures, we still lack a built-in understanding of them. We are still learning, for example, how children develop attentional structures; how attentional structures, once established, influence an increasing child's behavior and future goals; how the allocation of attention determines the young adult's various employment, someone, along with a life-style; and how structures of attention change in adulthood and in old age. We've yet to completely understand how structures of attention bring about optimal functioning or undermine it; or how they change up the structures and institutions of society. In the proposed project, we intend to spend some time integrating existing knowledge on the topic of attention, broadly understood-its development, its neurophysiology, its pathologies, and its optimal deployment. With emerging understandings across disciplines, we hope to supply a solid conceptual base for any compelling transdisciplinary approach to the study and to the understanding of how attention shapes human lives directly, and indirectly through its material products, technological as well as symbolic. We will identify and summarize the literature bearing on the topic, collect qualitative and quantitative survey data to determine basic demographic variations in the formation of attentional structures, investigate how attentional structures connect with optimal human functioning, and model how attentional structures change or are maintained within the life span. Ultimately, we plan to prepare a monograph that synthesizes this conceptual and empirical focus on attention and the quality of human life.
Andrew Marx, Center for Computer & Technology
Melissa Rogers, Division of Politics & Economics
The Changing Role of Devote Rural Economic Mobility: Economic Opportunity and Barriers to Opportunity in the Southwest During the last 25 Years
The rural economic opportunity gap remains a significant economic, social, and political concern in the United States. Top quality jobs along with other economic resources still agglomerate in cities despite technologies that enable communication and collaboration across space. Our research seeks to understand the function of devote American economic mobility over the past 25 years. Specifically, we combine underutilized nightlight satellite imagery in the Defense Satellite Meteorological Program from 1992 to the current by having an integrated dataset of economic chance to describe at a 2.7-square-kilometer spatial resolution how zones of monetary opportunity and barriers to opportunity have changed, or otherwise changed, in Arizona and Boise state broncos. And a peer-reviewed article validating our analytic approach, our findings will be provided in an online spatiotemporal web map of monetary production and mobility in the Southwest.
Hovig Tchalian, Drucker School of Management, with Vern Glaser, University of Alberta, and Jeffrey Green, graduate student, University of Maryland.
Movers and Shapers: Placement, Mediation, and Influence within the Electric Vehicle Industry
The proposed project will complete the 2nd in a three-paper series how new ideas and innovations gain recognition and social acceptance. We address two related questions important to organizational and institutional theory: How can organizations overcome the functional cognitive barriers that chronically emergent categories pose? Are we able to tease out and trace the specific impacts of organizations' promotion efforts in the organic evolution from the categories themselves, regardless of how gradual? Our empirical setting may be the modern Electric Vehicle (EV). We look at two completely different automobile companies and launch strategies: General Motors (GM) and Tesla. Both faced similar, seemingly insurmountable adoption challenges. GM's stable, solidly innovative EV1 didn't meet expectations and was dropped, while Tesla's brash, wildly risky Roadster survived and eventually exceeded expectations, hailing a broader revival from the EV category. Why? We've built a distinctive dataset in excess of 110,000 news reports, trade magazine articles, and press releases regarding the EV category, GM, and Tesla spanning the 30 years from 1985 to 2021. We depend on long-standing Natural Language Processing tools designed for analyzing linguistic and associational patterns in texts, which we supplement with newly developed stochastic tools for analyzing latent themes, known as \”topic modeling.\” We make use of this method of model category creation, stability, and alter. Our approach permits us to trace the discursive \”signatures\” related to each organization, target the introduction and development of specific associational patterns, and develop three critical facets of our analysis: (1) topic similarity, which will help compare GM's strategy against Tesla's; (2) topic coherence, a powerful method for tracking the movement from category emergence to stability; and (3) extent of vertical category orientation, which will help chart the movement from hierarchical to more faceted categorization, which is central to our analysis and theoretical model.
Tamir Bechor with Hengwei Zhang, doctoral candidate, and Leonard Cruz, master's candidate, Center for Information Systems & Technology
Navigating Risks in the Era of Driverless Cars
Society is entering an automotive epoch that will be based on the emergence of self-driving vehicles. This paradigm shift brings both incredible capability and risk as the worlds from the internet and automobiles collide. Former Usa Secretary of Transportation Anthony Foxx estimated that driverless technology might have saved 25,000 deaths in 2021; but this technology could host another set of threats. This research will use design research methodology to synthesize data on governance, risk management, and compliance (GRC) frameworks and apply it to standards, laws, regulations, compliance, and research all around the cyber security of autonomous vehicles. We have the next objectives: (a) map trends and commonalities of current research and regulations for autonomous cars; (b) offer an in-depth analysis of regulations associated with autonomous cars in the usa and also the Eu; (c) develop and validate a flexible GRC framework to guide making decisions to mitigate possible cyber security risks.
